Publications

Calypso's Voyage: Charting Traceroute Paths to Submarine Cables

Caleb Wang, Ying Zhang, Qianli Dong, Esteban Carisimo, Ramakrishnan Durairajan and Fabián E. Bustamante

In Proceedings of ACM IMC'26 , Karlsruhe, Germany, October 2026.

Crawl, Walk, Run: A Scaffolded Framework for AI Integration in Computing Education

Ramakrishnan Durairajan

In SIGCOMM Education Workshop 2026: Networking Education for the AI Generation (A4NE) co-located with ACM SIGCOMM'26 , Denver, CO, USA, August 2026.

Report on Strategic Network Resilience in the Caribbean

Nicole Starosielski, Iago Bojczuk, Hannah Ellis, John Hooft-Toomey and Ramakrishnan Durairajan

There is more to Internet invariants than meets the eye

Chris Misa, Walter Willinger, Ramakrishnan Durairajan and Reza Rejaie

In Proceedings of New Ideas in Networked Systems ( NINeS ), Virtual, February 2026.

Bootstrapping Transparency in AI-Powered Network Operations: A Network Explanation Framework

Riya Ponraj, Yu Wang and Ramakrishnan Durairajan

In Proceedings of ACM ( SIGKDD ), Jeju, South Korea, August 2026.

Sustainability or Survivability? Eliminating the Need to Choose in LEO Satellite Constellations

Chris Misa and Ramakrishnan Durairajan

In Proceedings of ACM Workshop on Hot Topics in Networks (HotNets) , College Park, MD, November 2025.

MCSim: A Discrete-Event Simulation Framework for Studying Multi-Cloud Networks

Joseph Colton and Ramakrishnan Durairajan

In Proceedings of IEEE 33rd International Symposium on the Modeling, Analysis, and Simulation of Computer and Telecommunication System ( MASCOTS '25 ), Paris, France, October 2025.

Unveiling Submarine Cable Paths: A Self-Supervised Contrastive Learning Approach

Riya Ponraj, Alagappan Ramanathan, Sangeetha Abdu Jyothi, Amreesh Phokeer, Yu Wang and Ramakrishnan Durairajan

In Proceedings of ACM IMC 2025 Student Workshop ( IMC-SW25 ), Madison, WI, October 2025.

Stateful Triage for Reliable and Secure Wildfire Monitoring at the Edge

Long Tran, River Bartz, Uli Kremer, Ramakrishnan Durairajan and Sudarsun Kannan

In Proceedings of 5th International Workshop on the Internet of Things for Adversarial Environments co-located with IEEE MILCOM , Los Angeles, CA, October 2025.

Threading the Ocean: Mapping Digital Routes Across Submarine Cables using Calypso

Caleb Wang, Ying Zhang, Qianli Dong, Esteban Carisimo, Ramakrishnan Durairajan and Fabián E. Bustamante

In Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM'25 (shorts) , Coimbra, Portugal, September 2025.

A Vision for Integrated Quantum-Classical Network Operations

Kevin Bohan, Bella Bose, Steven Corbato, Thinh Nguyen, Inder Monga, Brian Smith, Wenji Wu and Ramakrishnan Durairajan

In Proceedings of workshop on Quantum Networks and Distributed Quantum Computing (QuNet) co-located with ACM SIGCOMM'25 , Coimbra, Portugal, September 2025.

The Internet from Space, Reimagined: Leveraging Altitude for Efficient Global Coverage

Chris Misa and Ramakrishnan Durairajan

In Proceedings of workshop on LEO Networking and Communication (LEO-NET) co-located with ACM SIGCOMM'25 , Coimbra, Portugal, September 2025.

Why Choose When You Can Have Both: Programmable Data Planes meet Programmable Optics

Chris Misa, Matthew Nance-Hall, Reza Rejaie, Walter Willinger, and Ramakrishnan Durairajan

In Proceedings of workshop on Networks for AI Computing (NAIC) co-located with ACM SIGCOMM'25 , Coimbra, Portugal, September 2025.

Are Edge MicroDCs Equipped to Tackle Memory Contention?

Long Tran, River Bartz, Ramakrishnan Durairajan, Uli Kremer and Sudarsun Kannan

In Proceedings of workshop on Hot Topics in Storage and File Systems (HotStorage '25) co-located with ACM OSDI'25 , Boston, MA, July 2025.

Enhancing Strategic Resilience of Subsea Cables in the Caribbean

Nicole Starosielski, Iago Bojczuk, John Hooft-Toomey, Ramakrishnan Durairajan, Hannah Ellis, Erick Contag, and John Tibbles

In Proceedings of SubOptic '25 , Lisbon, Portugal, June 2025.

Building Trust in Machine Learning-Powered Networking: The Network Explainer Framework

Riya Ponraj, Ramakrishnan Durairajan, and Yu Wang

In Proceedings of SIAM Data Mining ( SDM '25 ) AI4TS workshop, Virginia, US, May 2025.

Unveiling Network Performance in the Wild: An Ad-Driven Analysis of Mobile Download Speeds

Miguel A Bermejo-Agueda, Patricia Callejo, Ruben Cuevas Rumin, Angel Cuevas, Ramakrishnan Durairajan, Reza Rejaie, Alvaro Mayol Garrido

In Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference ( WWW '25 ), Sydney, Australia, April 2025.

On the Impact of Submarine Cable Deployments on Multi-cloud Network Latencies

Joseph Colton, Ramakrishnan Durairajan, Reza Rejaie and Walter Willinger

In Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Cloud Networking ( CloudNet '24 ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, November 2024.

Bootstrapping Trust in ML4Nets Solutions with Hybrid Explainability

Abduarraheem Elfandi, Hannah Sagalyn, Ramakrishnan Durairajan and Walter Willinger

In Proceedings of workshop on Practical Adoption Challenges of ML for Systems (PACMI) co-located with ACM SOSP'24 , Austin, TX, November 2024.

Redesigning Edge-Centric Micro-Datacenters for Efficient Multitenancy

Sudarsun Kannan, River Bartz, Ramakrishnan Durairajan and Uli Kremer

In Proceedings of workshop on Hot Topics in System Infrastructure (HotInfra) co-located with ACM SOSP'24 , Austin, TX, November 2024.

Leveraging Prefix Structure to Detect Volumetric DDoS Attack Signatures with Programmable Switches

Chris Misa, Ramakrishnan Durairajan, Arpit Gupta, Reza Rejaie and Walter Willinger

In IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P) ( Oakland '24 ), San Francisco, CA, May 2024.

Analyzing the Benefits of Optical Topology Programming for Mitigating Link-flood DDoS Attacks

Matthew Nance Hall, Zaoxing Liu, Vyas Sekar and Ramakrishnan Durairajan

In IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing , 2024.

Data-Fusion for Prefix-Level Inference: A DDoS Case Study

Chris Misa, Ramakrishnan Durairajan, Reza Rejaie and Walter Willinger

In Security Datasets for AI ( SECDAI ) workshop, virtual, April 2024.

Network Management with Graph Machine Learning: Challenges and Solutions

Yu Wang and Ramakrishnan Durairajan

In Security Datasets for AI ( SECDAI ) workshop, virtual, April 2024.

DynATOS+: A Network Telemetry System for Dynamic Traffic and Query Workloads

Chris Misa, Ramakrishnan Durairajan, Reza Rejaie and Walter Willinger

In IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking , 2024.

Can LEO Satellites Enhance the Resilience of Internet to Multi-Hazard Risks?

Aleksandr Stevens, Blaise Iradukunda, Brad Bailey and Ramakrishnan Durairajan

In Proceedings of PAM'24 , Virtual, March 2024.

Improving Scalability in Traffic Engineering via Optical Topology Programming

Matthew Nance Hall, Paul Barford, Klaus-Tycho Foerster and Ramakrishnan Durairajan

In IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management , November 2023.

Special Issue on The ACM SIGMETRICS Workshop on Measurements for Self-Driving Networks

Arpit Gupta, Ramakrishnan Durairajan and Walter Willinger

In Proceedings of ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review , 2023.

xGrid: A Location-oriented Topology Design for LEO Satellites

Joseph McLaughlin, Jee Choi and Ramakrishnan Durairajan

In Proceedings of workshop on LEO Networking and Communication co-located with ACM MOBICOM'23 , Madrid, Spain, October 2023.

Schooling NOOBs with eBPF

Joel Sommers, Nolan Rudolph and Ramakrishnan Durairajan

In Proceedings of workshop on eBPF and Kernel Extensions co-located with ACM SIGCOMM'23 , New York, USA, August 2023.

A Case for Performance- and Cost-aware Multi-cloud Overlays

Bahador Yeganeh, Ramakrishnan Durairajan, Reza Rejaie and Walter Willinger

In Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Cloud Computing , Illinois, USA, July 2023.

ARISE: A Multi-Task Weak Supervision Framework for Network Measurements

Jared Knofczynski, Ramakrishnan Durairajan and Walter Willinger

In IEEE JSAC Series on Machine Learning in Communications and Networks , July 2022.

Dynamic Scheduling of Approximate Telemetry Queries

Chris Misa, Walt O'Connor, Ramakrishnan Durairajan, Reza Rejaie and Walter Willinger

In Proceedings of USENIX NSDI'22 , Renton, WA, April 2022.

Revisiting Network Telemetry in COIN: A Case for Runtime Programmability

Chris Misa, Ramakrishnan Durairajan, Reza Rejaie and Walter Willinger

In IEEE Network ( In-Network Computing: Emerging Trends for the Edge-Cloud Continuum ), September 2021.

ELF: High-Performance In-band Network Measurement

Joel Sommers and Ramakrishnan Durairajan

In Proceedings of TMA'21 , Virtual, September 2021.

Are WANs Ready for Optical Topology Programming?

Matthew Nance Hall, Paul Barford, Klaus-Tycho Foerster, Manya Ghobadi, William Jensen and Ramakrishnan Durairajan

In Proceedings of workshop on Optical Systems ( OptSys'21 ) co-located with ACM SIGCOMM'21 , Virtual, August 2021.

A Survey of Reconfigurable Optical Networks

Matthew Nance Hall, Klaus-Tycho Foerster, Stefan Schmid and Ramakrishnan Durairajan

In Proceedings of Elsevier Optical Switching and Networking , 2021.

On the Resilience of Internet Infrastructures in the Pacific Northwest to Earthquakes

Juno Mayer, Valerie Sahakian, Emilie Hooft, Douglas Toomey and Ramakrishnan Durairajan

In Proceedings of PAM'21 , Virtual, March 2021.

Bridging the Optical-Packet Network Chasm via Secure Enclaves

Matthew Nance Hall and Ramakrishnan Durairajan

In Workshop on Optical Systems Design ( OptSys'20 ) co-located with ACM SIGCOMM'20 , New York, USA, August 2020.

Challenges in Using ML for Networking Research: How to Label If You Must

Yukhe Lavinia, Ramakrishnan Durairajan, Reza Rejaie and Walter Willinger

In Proceedings of Workshop on Network Meets AI & ML ( NetAI'20 ) co-located with ACM SIGCOMM'20 , New York, USA, August 2020.

Fighting Fire with Light: Tackling Extreme Terabit DDoS Using Programmable Optics

Matthew Nance Hall, Guyue Liu, Ramakrishnan Durairajan and Vyas Sekar

In Proceedings of 1st Workshop on Secure and Programmable Network Infrastructure ( SPIN'20 ) co-located with ACM SIGCOMM'20 , New York, USA, August 2020.

Lessons Learned Organizing the PAM 2020 Virtual Conference

Chris Misa, Dennis Guse, Oliver Hohlfeld, Ramakrishnan Durairajan, Anna Sperotto, Alberto Dainotti and Reza Rejaie

In proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM CCR'20 , July 2020.

MicroMon: A Monitoring Framework for Tackling Distributed Heterogeneity

Babar Khalid*, Nolan Rudolph*, Ramakrishnan Durairajan and Sudarsun Kannan

In Proceedings of 12th USENIX Workshop on Hot Topics in Storage and File Systems ( HotStorage'20 ) co-located with Usenix ATC'20 , Massachusetts, USA, July 2020.

Characteristics of Metro Fiber Deployments in the US

Sathiya Kumaran Mani, Matthew Nance Hall, Ramakrishnan Durairajan and Paul Barford

In Proceedings of TMA'20 , Berlin, Germany, June 2020.

On the Practicality of Learning Models for Network Telemetry

Soheil Jamshidi, Zayd Hammoudeh, Ramakrishnan Durairajan, Daniel Lowd, Reza Rejaie and Walter Willinger

In Proceedings of TMA'20 , Berlin, Germany, June 2020.

A First Comparative Characterization of Multi-cloud Connectivity in Today's Internet

Bahador Yeganeh, Ramakrishnan Durairajan, Reza Rejaie and Walter Willinger

In Proceedings of PAM'20 , Oregon, USA, March 2020.

Denoising Internet Delay Measurements using Weak Supervision

Anirudh Muthukumar and Ramakrishnan Durairajan

In Proceedings of IEEE ICMLA'19 , Florida, USA, December 2019.

Bokeh: Anonymizing Physical Network Maps

Yugali Gullapalli, Jeremy Koritzninsky, Meenakshi Syamkumar, Paul Barford, Ramakrishnan Durairajan and Joel Sommers

In Proceedings of 3rd Workshop on Location-based Recommendations, Geosocial Networks and Geoadvertising ( ACM LocalRec'19 ) co-located with ACM SIGSPATIAL'19 , Chicago, IL, USA, November 2019.

How Cloud Traffic Goes Hiding: A Study of Amazon's Peering Fabric

Bahador Yeganeh, Ramakrishnan Durairajan, Reza Rejaie and Walter Willinger

In Proceedings of ACM IMC'19 , Amsterdam, Netherlands, October 2019.

Can We Containerize Internet Measurements?

Christopher Misa, Sudarsun Kannan and Ramakrishnan Durairajan

In Proceedings of ACM/IRTF/ISOC Applied Networking Research Workshop ( ANRW'19 ) co-located with IETF 105 , Montreal, Canada, July 2019.

What time is it? Managing Time in the Internet

Sathiya Kumaran Mani, Paul Barford, Ramakrishnan Durairajan and Joel Sommers

In Proceedings of ACM/IRTF/ISOC Applied Networking Research Workshop ( ANRW'19 ) co-located with IETF 105 , Montreal, Canada, July 2019.

Intelligent Defense using Pretense against Targeted Attacks in Cloud Platforms

Roshan Neupane, Travis Neely, Prasad Calyam, Nishant Chettri, Mark Vassell and Ramakrishnan Durairajan

In Elsevier Future Generation Computer Systems (FGCS) ---Special Issue on Cyber Threat Intelligence and Analytics, 2019. Impact factor: 4.639!

Impact factor: 4.639!

In the IP of the Beholder: Strategies for Active IPv6 Topology Discovery

Robert Beverly, Ramakrishnan Durairajan, David Plonka and Justin P. Rohrer

In Proceedings of ACM IMC'18 , Boston, USA, November 2018.

A Compressed Sensing Approach to Taming the Internet Measurement Data Deluge

Matt Hall, Joel Sommers and Ramakrishnan Durairajan

In Proceedings of ACM IMC'18 , Boston, USA, November 2018.

Dynamic Measurement of Container Network Latency

Christopher Misa and Ramakrishnan Durairajan

In Proceedings of ACM IMC'18 , Boston, USA, November 2018.

A System for Clock Synchronization in an Internet of Things

Sathiya Kumaran Mani, Ramakrishnan Durairajan, Paul Barford and Joel Sommers

In Proceedings of ACM IoT'18 , Santa Barbara, CA, USA, October 2018.

TimeWeaver: Opportunistic One Way Delay Measurement via NTP

Ramakrishnan Durairajan, Sathiya Kumaran Mani, Paul Barford, Rob Nowak and Joel Sommers

In Proceedings of ITC 30 , Vienna, Austria, September 2018.

Deployment Characteristics of "The Edge" in Mobile Edge Computing

Meenakshi Syamkumar, Paul Barford and Ramakrishnan Durairajan

In Proceedings of 2nd Workshop on Mobile Edge Communications ( ACM MECOMM'18 ) co-located with ACM SIGCOMM'18 , Budapest, Hungary, August 2018.

Assessing Candidate Preference through Web Browsing History

Giovanni Comarela, Ramakrishnan Durairajan, Paul Barford, Dino Christenson and Mark Crovella

In Proceedings of ACM SIGKDD'18 , London, UK, August 2018.

Lights Out: Climate Change Risk to Internet Infrastructure

Ramakrishnan Durairajan, Carol Barford and Paul Barford

In Proceedings of ACM/IRTF/ISOC Applied Networking Research Workshop ( ANRW'18 ) co-located with IETF 102 , Montreal, Canada, July 2018.

Wrinkles in Time: Detecting Internet-wide Events via NTP

Meenakshi Syamkumar, Sathiya Kumaran Mani, Ramakrishnan Durairajan, Paul Barford and Joel Sommers

In Proceedings of IFIP Networking'18 , Zurich, Switzerland, May 2018.

vFiber: Virtualizing Unused Optical Fibers

Matt Hall, Vijay Chidambaram and Ramakrishnan Durairajan

In Proceedings of USENIX NSDI'18 , Renton, WA, USA, April 2018.

Dolus: Cyber Defense using Pretense against DDoS Attacks in Cloud Platforms

Roshan Neupane, Travis Neely, Nishant Chettri, Mark Vassell, Yuanxun Zhang, Prasad Calyam and Ramakrishnan Durairajan

In Proceedings of ACM ICDCN'18 , Varanasi, India, January 2018. Invited Paper

Invited Paper

Automatic Metadata Generation for Active Measurement

Joel Sommers, Ramakrishnan Durairajan and Paul Barford

In Proceedings of ACM IMC'17 , London, UK, November 2017.

Topology-aware Perspective for Enhacing Robustness in the Internet

Ramakrishnan Durairajan

Ph.D. Thesis, University of Wisconsin - Madison, August 2017.

A Techno-Economic Approach for Broadband Deployment in Underserved Areas

Ramakrishnan Durairajan and Paul Barford

In proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM CCR'17 , April 2017.

MNTP: Enhancing Time Synchronization for Mobile Devices

Sathiya Kumaran Mani, Ramakrishnan Durairajan, Paul Barford and Joel Sommers

In Proceedings of ACM IMC'16 , Santa Monica, CA, USA, November 2016.

Bigfoot: A Geo-based Visualization Methodology for Detecting BGP Threats

Meenakshi Syamkumar, Ramakrishnan Durairajan and Paul Barford

In Proceedings of IEEE VizSec'16 , Baltimore, MD, USA, October 2016.

A Techno-Economic Framework for Broadband Deployment in Underserved Areas

Ramakrishnan Durairajan and Paul Barford

In proceedings of ACM GAIA Workshop ( ACM GAIA'16 ) co-located with ACM SIGCOMM'16 , Florianopolis, Brazil, August 2016. Best Paper Nomination to ACM SIGCOMM CCR

Best Paper Nomination to ACM SIGCOMM CCR

Time's Forgotten: Using NTP to Understand Internet Latency

Ramakrishnan Durairajan, Sathiya Kumaran Mani, Joel Sommers and Paul Barford

In Proceedings of ACM HotNets'15 , Philadelphia, PA, USA, November 2015.

InterTubes: A Study of the US Long-haul Fiber-optic Infrastructure

Ramakrishnan Durairajan, Paul Barford, Joel Sommers and Walter Willinger

In Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM'15 , London, UK, August 2015. Coverage: MIT Technology Review , Popular Science , Gizmodo , TechRepublic , VoA , NYTimes , Boston Globe , Badger Herald , Business Insider , Mashable

Coverage:

pfs: Parallelized, Flow-based Network Simulation

Mukta Gupta, Ramakrishnan Durairajan, Meenakshi Syamkumar, Paul Barford and Joel Sommers

In Proceedings of ACM SummerSim'15 , Chicago, IL, USA, July 2015.

Controller-agnostic SDN Debugging

Ramakrishnan Durairajan, Joel Sommers and Paul Barford

In Proceedings of ACM CoNEXT'14 , Sydney, Australia, December 2014. Best Short Paper Award

Best Short Paper Award

Layer 1-Informed Internet Topology Measurement

Ramakrishnan Durairajan, Joel Sommers and Paul Barford

In Proceedings of ACM IMC'14 , Vancouver, Canada, November 2014.

OFf: Bugspray for Openflow

Ramakrishnan Durairajan, Joel Sommers and Paul Barford

In Proceedings of ACM HotSDN Workshop ( ACM HotSDN'14 ) co-located with ACM SIGCOMM'14 , Chicago, IL, USA, August 2014.

RiskRoute: A Framework for Mitigating Network Outage Threats

Brian Eriksson, Ramakrishnan Durairajan and Paul Barford

In Proceedings of ACM CoNEXT'13 , Santa Barbara, CA, USA, December 2013.

Internet Atlas: A Geographic Database of the Internet

Ramakrishnan Durairajan, Subhadip Ghosh, Xin Tang, Paul Barford and Brian Eriksson

In proceedings of 5th ACM HotPlanet Workshop ( ACM HotPlanet'13 ) co-located with ACM SIGCOMM'13 , Hong Kong, August 2013. Coverage: New Scientist , Technology.org Discovery Challenge Research Award One of the 100 Great Innovations of 2017

Coverage:; Discovery Challenge Research Award; One of the 100 Great Innovations of 2017

Adaptive Data Transmission in the Cloud

Wenfei Wu, Yizheng Chen, Ramakrishnan Durairajan, Dongchan Kim, Ashok Anand and Aditya Akella

In Proceedings of IEEE/ACM IWQoS'13 , Montreal, Canada, June 2013.